Activate Yeast: In a bowl, mix warm water and brown sugar. Sprinkle the yeast over the top, and let it sit for about 5 minutes until foamy.
Mix Dry Ingredients: In a large bowl, combine rye flour, all-purpose flour, caraway, fennel, anise seeds, and salt.
Combine Wet Ingredients: Add molasses, melted butter, and orange zest to the yeast mixture. Stir well.
Form the Dough: Gradually add the wet ingredients to the dry mixture, stirring until dough begins to form. Knead the dough on a floured surface for about 8 minutes, until it becomes smooth and elastic.
First Rise: Place the dough in an oiled bowl, cover with a clean cloth, and let rise in a warm place for 1-1.5 hours or until doubled in size.
Shape and Second Rise: Punch the dough down, shape it into a loaf, and place it in a greased loaf pan. Cover and let it rise for an additional 30-45 minutes.
Bake: Preheat the oven to 375°F (190°C). Bake the loaf for 30-35 minutes, or until the top is golden and sounds hollow when tapped.
Cool and Wrap: Let the loaf cool completely before wrapping it in plastic wrap, wax paper, or foil for shipping.